SONAR

📚 Defense Industry Glossary

SONAR

🌍 English glossary entry. For the Turkish original: 🇹🇷 Türkçe orijinal →

What Is SONAR?

SONAR (Sound Navigation And Ranging; Turkish: sonar) is a system that detects the position and condition of submerged objects using acoustic waves. It is the primary sensor for underwater detection — used by submarines, surface ships, maritime patrol aircraft, and helicopters to locate, track, and engage underwater contacts (submarines, mines, divers, UUVs).

Types of SONAR

  • Active sonar: transmits an acoustic ping and listens for the echo — gives range, bearing, and depth; but reveals the emitter’s position
  • Passive sonar: listens only — detects propulsion and machinery noise; covert; limited to bearing only (no range)
  • Hull-mounted sonar (HMS): fixed array in ship’s keel — suited for medium-frequency active/passive
  • Towed array sonar (TAS): long hydrophone array towed behind ship — very low frequency, long range
  • Variable-depth sonar (VDS): lowers sonar below thermal layer for better detection
  • Dipping sonar: helicopter-lowered active/passive sonar for ASW search
  • Sonobuoys: air-dropped expendable passive/active sonar sensors

SONAR in Türkiye

ASELSAN developed the ZARGANA hull-mounted sonar for the Turkish Navy’s MİLGEM corvettes and İSTİF frigates — the first domestically produced Turkish naval sonar. ASELSAN is also developing towed array and variable-depth sonar systems to complete Türkiye’s indigenous ASW sensor suite. Previously, Turkish warships relied entirely on foreign (US, German) sonar systems; ZARGANA marks a significant step toward ASW self-sufficiency.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is sonar?

A system using acoustic waves to detect and locate underwater objects — the primary underwater detection sensor for navies worldwide.

What is the difference between active and passive sonar?

Active sonar pings and listens for echoes (range and bearing); passive sonar only listens to ambient noise (bearing only, but covert).

What is Türkiye’s domestically produced sonar?

ASELSAN’s ZARGANA hull-mounted sonar — installed on MİLGEM corvettes and İSTİF frigates.

Source: SSB Defense Industry 360 Glossary of Terms.

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ASELSAN 380,25 ▼ -3,37% OTOKAR 369,00 ▲ 4,61% KATMERCİLER 2,74 ▼ -4,20% ESEN SİSTEM 3,94 ▲ 0,77% ALARKO 729,50 ▲ 0,55% LOCKHEED M. 532,77 ▲ 0,84% RTX 178,38 ▲ 1,38% NORTHROP G. 555,73 ▲ 1,04% GEN. DYNAMICS 344,16 ▲ 0,31% BOEING 217,98 ▼ -1,19% BAE SYSTEMS 1.990,00 ▲ 5,82% AIRBUS 172,28 ▼ -0,62% RHEINMETALL 1.237,20 ▲ 2,50% LEONARDO 52,63 ▲ 3,34% SAAB 540,50 ▲ 3,11% HANWHA AERO 169.900,00 ▲ 5,07% MITSUBISHI H. 3.944,00 ▼ -1,99% BIST 100 13.662,75 ▼ -2,49% USD/TRY 45,90 ▲ 0,69% EUR/TRY 53,37 ▲ 0,82% ALTIN OZ 4.498,70 ▼ -0,72% BRENT 93,49 ▼ -4,85% ASELSAN 380,25 ▼ -3,37% OTOKAR 369,00 ▲ 4,61% KATMERCİLER 2,74 ▼ -4,20% ESEN SİSTEM 3,94 ▲ 0,77% ALARKO 729,50 ▲ 0,55% LOCKHEED M. 532,77 ▲ 0,84% RTX 178,38 ▲ 1,38% NORTHROP G. 555,73 ▲ 1,04% GEN. DYNAMICS 344,16 ▲ 0,31% BOEING 217,98 ▼ -1,19% BAE SYSTEMS 1.990,00 ▲ 5,82% AIRBUS 172,28 ▼ -0,62% RHEINMETALL 1.237,20 ▲ 2,50% LEONARDO 52,63 ▲ 3,34% SAAB 540,50 ▲ 3,11% HANWHA AERO 169.900,00 ▲ 5,07% MITSUBISHI H. 3.944,00 ▼ -1,99% BIST 100 13.662,75 ▼ -2,49% USD/TRY 45,90 ▲ 0,69% EUR/TRY 53,37 ▲ 0,82% ALTIN OZ 4.498,70 ▼ -0,72% BRENT 93,49 ▼ -4,85%
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